{"id":1030,"date":"2021-09-20T15:41:36","date_gmt":"2021-09-20T13:41:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bach-bogen.de\/blog\/thecelloupgrade\/?p=1030"},"modified":"2026-09-28T12:26:20","modified_gmt":"2026-09-28T10:26:20","slug":"20-years-ago-presentation-of-the-bach-bogen-in-paris","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bach-bogen.de\/blog\/thecelloupgrade\/20-years-ago-presentation-of-the-bach-bogen-in-paris\/","title":{"rendered":"20 Years ago Presentation of the BACH.Bogen in Paris"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1032\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bach-bogen.de\/blog\/thecelloupgrade\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2021\/09\/Presentation-BACHBogen-Paris-Invitation-001-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"997\" height=\"665\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bach-bogen.de\/blog\/thecelloupgrade\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2021\/09\/Presentation-BACHBogen-Paris-Invitation-001-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.bach-bogen.de\/blog\/thecelloupgrade\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2021\/09\/Presentation-BACHBogen-Paris-Invitation-001-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.bach-bogen.de\/blog\/thecelloupgrade\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2021\/09\/Presentation-BACHBogen-Paris-Invitation-001-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.bach-bogen.de\/blog\/thecelloupgrade\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2021\/09\/Presentation-BACHBogen-Paris-Invitation-001-1536x1026.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.bach-bogen.de\/blog\/thecelloupgrade\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2021\/09\/Presentation-BACHBogen-Paris-Invitation-001-624x417.jpg 624w, https:\/\/www.bach-bogen.de\/blog\/thecelloupgrade\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2021\/09\/Presentation-BACHBogen-Paris-Invitation-001.jpg 1805w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 997px) 100vw, 997px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Invitation to the presentation of Michael Bach\u2019s BACH.Bogen in Paris on October 6, 2001, extended by Mstislav Rostropovich.<\/p>\n<h1><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">Documentation of the Paris Presentation by the International Cello Society<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cello.org\/Newsletter\/Articles\/bachbogen\/bachbogen.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>http:\/\/www.cello.org\/Newsletter\/Articles\/bachbogen\/bachbogen.htm<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h1><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">&#8220;Presentation of the BACH.Bogen<sup>\u00ae<\/sup>on the<br \/>\noccasion of the Concours Rostropovitch in Paris&#8221;<br \/>\nOctober 6, 2001<br \/>\nAuditorium Conservatoire Sup\u00e9rieure de Paris<\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">by Michael Bach<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cello.org\/Newsletter\/Articles\/bachbogen\/slavabogen.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"342\" height=\"265\" border=\"0\" \/>Photo used with permission of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.renate-hoffleit.de\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Renate Hoffleit<\/a> \u00a9 1999<\/center>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><i>(The following is a transcript of a presentation on BACH.Bogen<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/i>)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><b>Michael Bach:<\/b> Bonjour Mesdames, Messieurs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">This is the <i><strong>BACH.Bow<\/strong> [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bach-bogen.de\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BACH.Bogen<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/a>],<\/i> a curved bow that makes polyphonic and monophonic play possible on a string instrument. There is a lever mechanism at the frog that affects the tension and release of the bow hairs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">I would like to start with a composition dedicated to Mstislav Rostropovich. The title is<em> <b>3 Pitches, 21 Sounds<\/b><\/em>. I wrote the piece in 1997 and the first performance took place in Jerusalem in 1998.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cello.org\/Newsletter\/Articles\/bachbogen\/3p21s.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"592\" height=\"875\" border=\"0\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><u><em><b>3 Pitches, 21 Sounds for Cello<\/b><\/em> (Version 06102001)<\/u><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">As you have heard, I used only three pitches to compose this piece &#8212; it is a birthday piece. There is a tradition when composing such a piece: one uses the letters in a name as a theme. It&#8217;s easy with the name like &#8220;Sacher,&#8221; but with Mstislav Rostropovich you are lost. [Laughter] I looked for &#8220;musical&#8221; letters in his name, because one cannot use the &#8220;M<i>&#8220;<\/i> &#8212; I don&#8217;t know which pitch that would be, and also the &#8220;P<i>&#8220;<\/i>,or the &#8220;V<i>&#8220;<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><b>David Geringas: <\/b>&#8220;Mi&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><b>Michael Bach:<\/b> OK, but what about the &#8220;T&#8221;? So, I decided to only make use of the &#8220;A<i>&#8220;<\/i>, &#8220;H<i>&#8220;<\/i> &#8212; which is &#8220;B<i>&#8220;<\/i> in English, but in German it is an &#8220;H<i>&#8220;<\/i> &#8212; and &#8220;C<i>&#8220;<\/i>. I also chose the French spelling of the name [Mstislav Rostropovitch] which has 21 letters, and I composed 21 chords out of these three pitches. Every chord is different, no chord repeats itself: this was my idea for Maestro Rostropovich.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">As an aside, I would like to mention something that probably has nothing to do with the bow; I not only composed the piece, I created some visual artwork along with it, which I call &#8220;<strong><em>Fingerboards<\/em><\/strong>.&#8221; [shows the <em><b>Fingerboard 13<\/b><\/em> out of the series <em><b>Fingerboards VI<\/b><\/em>] These are prints on the cello, I made 21 of these boards, just like I used the 21 chords. They show the fingerings: I put them underneath the strings [demonstrates], and I take color. Then I print these boards with the pitches I play on the cello. So it&#8217;s a choreography on the cello fingerboard with the pitches. Because I made both together, the visual art and the music, one could say I &#8220;composed&#8221; the boards and have &#8220;painted&#8221; the music. This connection between both works is important to me.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cello.org\/Newsletter\/Articles\/bachbogen\/fing1316.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"290\" height=\"482\" border=\"0\" \/> \u00a0<u><b><em>Fingerboards VI<\/em>, No. 13-16<\/b><\/u><\/center>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">I am not the first to compose for the curved bow; John Cage was the first. I showed John Cage the curved bow in 1990 &#8212; a very primitive version at that time &#8212; and I played for him. He said, &#8220;Well, you have four times one string,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">[Plays A, D, G, C]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">three times two strings,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">[Plays A+D, D+G, G+C]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">two times three strings,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">[Plays A+D+G, D+G+C]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">and one times four strings.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">[Plays A+D+G+C]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">This is a very typical Cagian remark.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">When we worked in New York one year later I had built two other bows, which were still very primitive. As you can see, they are curved differently: this one is for four strings and this one is for three strings.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">At that time, I was not very concerned about the development of the curved bow, but more with the research on what I could finger with my left hand. It is also a question of the left hand: if you have four strings and five fingers there are many finger combinations possible on the cello, which I didn&#8217;t fully understand at the beginning. In order to figure out the system behind all finger combinations I did some research, which is published in my book, <i>Fingerboards &amp; Overtones<\/i>. In it I describe the polyphony on the cello with the left hand and the overtones,i.e. harmonics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">This research was very important when preparing the new cello work [by <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bach-bogen.de\/john-cage\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">John Cage<\/a><\/strong>], which is named <em><b>One<sup>8<\/sup><\/b> <\/em>&#8212; &#8220;one&#8221; means just a solo piece, and &#8220;8&#8221; means the 8<sup>th<\/sup> solo piece &#8212; in this case for cello.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">We have created, as an example, the following chord:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cello.org\/Newsletter\/Articles\/bachbogen\/IV8-III8-II8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"461\" height=\"167\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<\/center><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">This is very complicated, it&#8217;s the 8<sup>th<\/sup> partial of the C string, the 8<sup>th<\/sup> partial of the G string, and this pitch, an F on the D string. But this &#8220;F&#8221; is not played in this high position:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cello.org\/Newsletter\/Articles\/bachbogen\/IV8-III8-II.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"385\" height=\"171\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<\/center><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">It is played in the first position, as the 8<sup>th<\/sup> partial of a fingered pitch; it is therefore an artificial harmonic. Traditional cello technique goes until the 6th partial but not the 8<sup>th<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">I should also mention that at the beginning of the 20<sup>th<\/sup> century a vivid discussion arose about the curved bow: the spiritual father was <strong>Albert Schweitzer<\/strong>, who wrote a book about Johann Sebastian Bach in 1905. He demanded that it should be possible to play the chords on the violin, or the cello, just as they are written in the score. He thought, maybe, that such a curved bow had existed in Bach&#8217;s time &#8212; I&#8217;ve never seen one &#8212; but it should be possible to play harmonic progressions like this:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cello.org\/Newsletter\/Articles\/bachbogen\/dchord.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"554\" height=\"98\" border=\"0\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><u>Chord progression D &#8211; d<\/u><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">The German violinist, <strong>Rudolf G\u00e4hle<\/strong>r, wrote a book about all the controversial texts concerning the curved bow for violin that were published since that time: <strong><i>Der Rundbogen f\u00fcr die Violine &#8211; ein Phantom?<\/i><\/strong> [The Curved Bow for the Violin &#8212; a Phantom?] And he also recorded all Bach&#8217;s <strong><em>Partitas<\/em> <\/strong>and <em><strong>Sonatas<\/strong> <\/em>for violin with a curved bow. There he demonstrated that it is, generally speaking, possible to play the score of Bach as it is written.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">I myself think a little bit differently about this, I think that what is important is the flexibility, the richness of modulation that you can have with the curved bow:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">[Plays <em><strong>Sarabande<\/strong> <\/em>C-Major &#8230; spontaneous applause]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">[Plays <em><strong>Bourr\u00e9e I<\/strong><\/em> C-Major &#8230; applause]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">I have designed the curved bow for contemporary music, but you can also play Johann Sebastian Bach with it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">In 1995 I was sure that it was worth the effort to improve the curved bow. (I still had the very primitive bows that I mentioned before.) I had built two other bows according to my own plans. One of these bows is this one <i>[<strong>BACH.Bogen 5<\/strong>]<\/i>. This bow made the acquaintance of Maestro Rostropovich. [to Mstislav Rostropovich]: Do you remember?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">This bow is too light, it&#8217;s not a cello bow, actually, it&#8217;s a violin bow. I had no other curved bow, so I used it. But at that time I already had plans to change and improve the curved bow.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Rostropovich and I met in 1997, but this was only the first encounter of many where we discussed new prototypes of the curved bow. I have some of them here:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">[Michael Bach demonstrates and explains various curved bows: <i><strong>BACH.Bogen 1<\/strong>, <strong>BACH.Bogen 10<\/strong>, Prototype A, B, C, and D, <strong>BACH.Bogen 20<\/strong>, <strong>BACH.Bogen 30<\/strong>.]<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">The last curved bow that I showed you in Amsterdam earlier this year was this one <i>[<strong>BACH.Bogen 34<\/strong>]<\/i>, which is even more ergonomic. One holds this bow in the hand like a conventional bow. It just needs the force to tighten the hairs, so one needs to strengthen some muscles. I showed this curved bow to you in Amsterdam, in June 2001, and then, we decided to present it to the cellists.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">I don&#8217;t know, is there anything you would like to say?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><b>Mstislav Rostropovich: <\/b>My dear friends, my dear colleagues, we also have history in our long life. When we changed the bow, changed a little bit the cello. Why do we change the bow, or an instrument? Because of the composers. They have another idea about the old material what we have: the bow, less the cello&#8230;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">This notion of making a polyphonic bow, I think, is very interesting, and a great idea! But, how can we convince composers of this idea, of this new possibility for the cello? We need a new repertoire for the cello. My friend, who designed this new curved bow, also composes. But now he must influence another composer to write for these Neuigkeiten &#8212; for this new development and idea. Only after composers start to write for the new curved bow will we better know how great this invention is.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">More about Mstislav Rostropovich and the BACH.Bogen<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">For the broader history of the collaboration between Mstislav Rostropovich and Michael Bach and the development of the BACH.Bogen, see:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bach-bogen.de\/mstislav-rostropovich\/\"><strong>Mstislav Rostropovich and the BACH.Bogen<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Invitation to the presentation of Michael Bach\u2019s BACH.Bogen in Paris on October 6, 2001, extended by Mstislav Rostropovich. Documentation of the Paris Presentation by the International Cello Society http:\/\/www.cello.org\/Newsletter\/Articles\/bachbogen\/bachbogen.htm &#8220;Presentation of the BACH.Bogen\u00aeon the occasion of the Concours Rostropovitch in Paris&#8221; October 6, 2001 Auditorium Conservatoire Sup\u00e9rieure de Paris &nbsp; by Michael Bach &nbsp; Photo [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":278,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1030","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-allgemein"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>20 Years ago Presentation of the BACH.Bogen in Paris the cello upgrade<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Invitation to the presentation of Michael Bach\u2019s BACH.Bogen in Paris on October 6, 2001, extended by Mstislav Rostropovich. 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